A plea bargain is an agreement in criminal law proceedings initiated by the prosecutor in which the defendant pleads guilty in exchange for a lighter sentence. This makes trials much quicker. A defendant does not have to accept a plea bargain.

Carbon offsetting involves people (corporations or individuals) paying extra to help compensate for the carbon emissions produced from their emission producing activities. The money is then invested in environmental projects, such as planting trees or installing solar panels.

Open-source software is computer software that grants users the rights to use, study, change, and distribute the software and its source code to anyone and for any purpose.

In a first-past-the-post voting system, countries are split into geographic, electoral districts. Voters cast their vote for one candidate of their choice, and the candidate who receives the most votes wins (even if the top candidate gets less than 50%).

A hung parliament describes a situation in which no particular political party has an absolute majority (i.e. holds less than 51% of the seats).

AUKUS is a trilateral security pact between the US, the UK and Australia. The aim of this pact is cooperation on complex technology and defence which will primarly see the US and UK sending strategic and technical teams to Australia to help procure nuclear-powered submarines.

For the purpose of this debate, the "test of God" refers to the narrative in which religious followers are taught that their difficulties in life (which may include but are not limited to personal struggles, relationship woes, economic difficulties, natural disasters) are tests of God through which their spiritual and emotional strengths are tested.